Basics
Communication is a way we use to send messages. There are many ways to communicate: Morse Code, Semaphore Code, Cypher Codes, 2-way radio, are some of the methods we will study in this article. We define the Sender as the one who is transmitting a message; and the Receiver as the one who is listening for the message.
Best Practices
A. The DOs
| THINK before you send your message. Organize your thoughts before sending. [sender] |
| Keep message brief and concise. [sender] |
| Use two people to send/receive messages, if possible. [receivers] |
| Make sure the receiver has understood message before securing/closing out transmission. [sender] |
| Acknowledge messages when received and understood. [receiver] |
| Know and make use of the phonetic alphabet when sending text.[sender] |
| Write out all message sent/received. [both] |
| Send only as fast as you can receive. [sender] |
B. The DO NOTs for Senders
|
Don't send rambling message. |
|
Do not send test message that may tie up other transmission. |
Sender and Receiver Signals
A. Sending Station: Group starting a transmission of message
|
Proword |
Prosign |
Meaning |
|
receiver this is sender OVER |
(AAAA) |
Transmission starting are you ready? |
|
THIS IS
|
This transmission is from the station name immediately following.
|
|
|
OVER |
(K) |
Invitation to transmit. |
|
OUT |
(AR) |
End of transmission. |
|
READ BACK |
(G)
|
Read the message back to me. |
|
DISREGARD |
(EEEEEEEE) |
Error, ignor last transmission. |
|
BREAK |
Rest |
Wait, more to come. |
|
I SAY AGAIN
|
I am repeating the message.
|
|
|
I SPELL
|
I shall spell the next word phonetically
|
|
|
WAIT
|
Rest
|
I must pause for a few seconds.
|
|
WAIT-OUT
|
(BT)
|
I must pause longer than a few seconds.
|
B. Receiving Station: Group receiving message
|
Proword
|
Prosign |
Meaning |
|
GO AHEAD |
(K) |
Ready to receive, go ahead and send. Invitation to transmit. |
|
ROGER |
(R) |
Received clearly; understood. |
|
SAY AGAIN |
(IMI) |
Repeat transmission please. |
|
WILCO |
|
Understood and will comply. |
|
SPEAK SLOWER |
(QRS) |
Slow down transmission. |
|
I READ BACK
|
I am reading back your message.
|
Phonetic Alphabet
When you want to spell over a long distance communication (such as a phone, two way radios, etc), what do you do? We need to use a set standards of word to substitute for the letters and numbers we are spelling. These set of words are called "PHONETIC ALPHABET," set by NATO standards used worldwide
|
A |
LFA |
AL-FAH |
J |
ULIETTE |
JEW-LEE-ETT |
S |
IERRA |
SEE-AIR-RAH |
|
B |
RAVO |
BRAH-VOH |
K |
ILO |
KEY-LOH |
T |
ANGO |
TANG-GO |
|
C |
HARLIE |
CHAR-LEE |
L |
IMA |
LEE-MAH |
U |
NIFORM |
YOU-NEE-FORM |
|
D |
ELTA |
DELL-TAH |
M |
IKE |
MIKE |
V |
ICTOR |
VIK-TAH |
|
E |
CHO |
ECK-OH |
N |
OVEMBER |
NO-VEM-BER |
W |
HISKEY |
WISS-KEY |
|
F |
OXTROT |
FOKS-TROT |
O |
SCAR |
OSS-CAR |
X |
-RAY |
ECKS-RAY |
|
G |
OLF |
GOLF |
P |
APA |
PAH-PAH |
Y |
ANKEE |
YANK-KEY |
|
H |
OTEL |
HO-TELL |
Q |
UEBEC |
KEH-BECK |
Z |
ULU |
ZOO-LOO |
|
I |
NDIA |
IN-DEE-AH |
R |
OMEO |
ROW-ME-OH |
|
|
|
| 0 | ZERO | 1 | WUN | 2 | TOO | 3 | THUH-REE | 4 | FO-WER |
| 5 | FI-YIV | 6 | SIX | 7 | SEVEN | 8 | ATE | 9 | NINER |
Morse Code
Mr. Samuel Morse invented the Morse Code in 1835. We can use the Morse Code in many ways. Cipher messages may also use the Morse Code. In the big game, the game usually starts out with a Morse code message. Afterwards, the game will commence at the designated location in the message. Short symbol (sound) is designated with a dot (.). Long symbol (sound is designated with a dash (-). The combination of dots and dashes will give you letters and numbers. Morse Code can be sent using various techniques. For example: whistle, flags, mirror, flash light, etc. Vietnamese diacritic symbols will replaced with other letters and is placed at the end of a word or next to the letter being spelled.
How do you remember these letters and numbers?
1. Divide the letters up into opposites. For example: group the letters into A(._) - N(_.) This way you only have to know roughly half of the alphabet. Not all letters have an opposite.
2. Divide the letters into one starting with . (dots) and ones starting with _ (dashes). For example: group the letters as follows
This set down is DOT and right is DASH
| E (.) | A(. _) | W(. _ _) | J(. _ _ _) |
| R(. _ .) | P(. _ _ .) | ||
| L(. _ . .) | |||
| I (. .) | U(. . _) | V(. . . _) | |
| S (. . .) | |||
| H (. . . .) |
This set, down is DASH and right is DOT
| T (_) | N(_ .) | D(_ . .) | B(_ . . .) |
| K(_ . _) - Y(_ . _ _) | |||
| M(_ _) | |||
| O( _ _ _ ) | |||
| CH( _ _ _ _) | |||
|
Ă=AW |
Â=AA |
|
Ơ=OW |
Ô=OO |
|
Ê=EE |
Ư=UW |
|
CH= _ _ _ _ |
Đ=DD |
|
Dấu Sắc (/)= S
|
DấuHuyền (\)= Q
|
Dấu Nặng (.) = J
|
Dấu Ngã (~)= X
|
Dấu Hỏi (?)= Z
|
| A . _ | B _ . . . | C _ . _ . |
| D _ . . | E . | F . . _ . |
| G _ _ . | H . . . . | I . . |
| J . _ _ _ | K _ . _ | L . _ . . |
| M _ _ | N _ . | O _ _ _ |
| P . _ _ . | Q _ _ . _ | R . _ . |
| S . . . | T _ | U . . _ |
| V . . . _ | W . _ _ | X _ . . _ |
| Y _ . _ _ | Z _ _ . . |
| 1 . _ _ _ _ | 6 _ . . . . |
| 2 . . _ _ _ | 7 _ _ . . . |
|
3 . . . _ _
|
8 _ _ _ . . |
| 4 . . . . _ | 9 _ _ _ _ . |
| 5 . . . . . | 0 _ _ _ _ _ |
Sample: Huấn Luyện = Huaans Luyeenj Phật Pháp = Phaatj Phaps
Semaphore
2
3
4
5
6
7
2-
3-
4-
5-
6-
7-
8-
9-
0-
Coded Messages
Coded messages is a method we use to transmit a secret message. Each of the code symbols of the messages are made up by various people to use in different situations. Thus, we cannot say exactly how many different keys to the codes that are out there.
The most common and easy to use code are the ones that have letters or numbers that take place of a letter.
Thông thường nhất là chúng ta đổi thứ tự của các mẫu tự hoặc thay thế những các số vào các mẫu tự. Thứ tự và vị trí của các số không bắt buộc đi một hướng nào nhất định. Các em hãy nhớ, trong trường hợp không có chìa khóa dịch mật thơ hoặc không hiểu chìa khóa, chúng ta phải tự suy nghĩ mà giải bản tin đó bằng trí óc của chúng ta (use your brain).
Ghi nhớ: (Các loại mật thơ ghi sau chỉ là một số mật thơ được soạn lại. Có rất nhiều mật thơ chúng ta có thể tự chế để dùng.)
A. 
: A=1 Mẫu Tự Số
A B C D E ... T U V W X Y Z
2 3 4 5 6 ... 19 20 21 22 24 25 26
B. : 26=A Mẫu Tự Số Ngược
A B C D E ... T U V W X Y Z
25 24 23 22 23 ... 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
C.: Z = A Mẫu Tự Ngược
A B C D E F G ... T U V W X Y Z
Z Y X W V U T ... G F E D C B A
D.:Ðồi Núi
E.: Số giầy
A B C D E F G H I J K L M
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
1
F. Soắn ốc
Trại Huấn Luyện
G. : -3+2=? (Bỏ 3 Lấy 2)
DIN‡ONGWANILPQSENMINHQSH à ‡ON SINH
H.:#;X Chuồng Heo
Ví Dụ:
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